Fujitsu and Osaka University’s Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology (QIQB) have announced a ground-breaking analog rotation quantum computing architecture, representing a substantial step toward realizing practical quantum computing.
The new architecture reduces the number of physical qubits required for quantum error correction—a critical component for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing—by 90%, from 1 million to 10,000 qubits.
This development paves the way for constructing a quantum computer with 10,000 physical qubits and 64 logical qubits, corresponding to a computing performance approximately 100,000 times greater than the peak performance of traditional high-performance computers.
Fujitsu and Osaka University aim to further refine this new architecture and lead quantum computer development in the early FTQC era, with the goal of applying quantum computing applications to a wide range of practical societal issues, including material development and finance.
Gate-based quantum computers hold the potential to revolutionize research across various fields, such as quantum chemistry and complex financial systems, by offering significantly higher calculation performance than current classical computers.
Logical qubits, composed of multiple physical qubits, play a crucial role in quantum error correction technology and, ultimately, the realization of practical quantum computers capable of providing fault-tolerant results.
Achieving a genuine fault-tolerant quantum computer is estimated to require over one million physical qubits in total.
Consequently, Fujitsu and Osaka University developed a novel architecture capable of significantly reducing the number of physical qubits required for quantum error correction, enabling quantum computers with 10,000 physical qubits to outperform existing classical computers.
By redefining the universal quantum gate set, Fujitsu and Osaka University successfully implemented a phase-rotating gate—a world-first—that allows highly efficient phase rotation, a process that previously necessitated many physical qubits and quantum gate operations.
As a result, the collaboration reduced the number of qubits required for quantum error correction to around 10% of existing technologies and the number of gate operations needed for arbitrary rotation to approximately 5% of conventional architectures.
Furthermore, Fujitsu and Osaka University managed to suppress quantum error probability in physical qubits to about 13%, thereby achieving highly accurate calculations.
This newly developed computing architecture lays the groundwork for building a quantum computer with 10,000 physical qubits and 64 logical qubits, offering computing performance around 100,000 times that of conventional high-performance computers.
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